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3D framework for characterizing microstructure evolution of Li-ion batteries

Jeffrey David Gelb - San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, USA

San Jose State University Master's Theses, 4798, Spring 2017. DOI: 10.31979/etd.8e3k-w4xr

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Keywords

3D; 4D; Li-ion batteries; X-ray microscopy; X-ray computed tomography; Microstructure evolution

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Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries are commonly found in many modern consumer devices, ranging from portable computers and mobile phones to hybrid- and fully-electric vehicles. While improving efficiencies and increasing reliabilities are of critical importance for increasing market adoption of the technology, research on these topics is, to date, largely restricted to empirical observations and computational simulations. In the present study, it is proposed to use the modern technique of X-ray microscopy to characterize a sample of commercial 18650 cylindrical Li-ion batteries in both their pristine and aged states. By coupling this approach with 3D and 4D data analysis techniques, the present study aimed to create a research framework for characterizing the microstructure evolution leading to capacity fade in a commercial battery. The results indicated the unique capabilities of the microscopy technique to observe the evolution of these batteries under aging conditions, successfully developing a workflow for future research studies…

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How Our Software Was Used

After reconstruction, the 3D data was loaded into Object Research Systems' software, a data analysis package designed for processing 3D XRM data. The software allows datasets to be explored in 3D, affording fast access to specimen interior information in a dynamic interaction environment. One unique feature of this software is the ability to draw arbitrary "paths" through the 3D volume and "straighten" those paths into a single virtual slice representation. In the case of cylindrical (i.e., nonlinear) battery microstructures, this capability allows the user to virtually unroll the active materials to visualize the planar microstructures.

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